Can someone please explain to me what was the five year plan in russia and how did work and any basic information about it thank you all
History - 3 Answers
Random Answers, Critics, Comments, Opinions :
1 :
Which one? They had one each year.
2 :
The Five Year Plans (FYPs) set plans for the entire Soviet economy, there were rewards, and punishments for enterprises depending on whether they fulfilled their targets or not. The FYPs transferred the ownership of all businesses to the state, every factory and office, every timber yard and shop. The first FYPs built huge new factories, producing iron and steel, as well as infrastructural projects, such as hydro-electric dams. The first FYPs were an ideological response to the previous policy - the New Economic Policy (NEP). NEP allowed small businesses to operate and was creating a middle class. The Communists were never happy with this policy as Marx stated that communism could only happen when the workers owned the means of production. The FYPs, as the state was a "workers state" saw the workers - i.e. the state own all the means of production. This changed the country from having private enterprise (albeit at a small level) as the main economic driving force, to having the state - and its planning arm - Gosplan as the main driving force. Positives: Transformed the country - much of the country was electrified, huge civil engineering works and massive new factories brought change in the way that people worked. Agriculture was transformed from an inefficient peasant based and labour intensive activity to an inefficient, worker (collective farm workers received wages) based and more mechanised activity. It also solidified the gains of the revolution - the revolutionary elite can, after the first FYP really be called the political class. This means they can start to act like a political elite - not like an underground movement. Negatives: The kulaks - richer peasants - were deported to Siberia and the Kazakh steppe. This ideological decision rooted out the most efficient, often the most educated and the most entrepreneurial farmers and destroyed them. The civil engineering works were completed with little regard to quality - the Belomor canal, dug at huge cost in human life (prisoners, both criminal and political were used to dig it) but it was not deep enough for the ocean going ships it was designed for. Stalin used the political turmoil following Lenin's death and the to isolate, eliminate and to, on occasion, to execute his rivals. The political elite lived lives of fear - fear that a misplaced word or an ill-conceived look could lead to a knock on the door in the middle of the night. See: http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RUSfive.htm http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/mwh/russia/stalinfiveyearplansrev1.shtml
3 :
Okay --- Russia did not have any Five Year Plans, the Soviet Union did. It was not a "plan" but PLANS. There were thirteen plans running from 1928 to 1991. First Plan, 1928–1933 Second Plan, 1933–1937 Third Plan, 1938–1941 Fourth and Fifth Plans, 1946–1950 and 1951–1955 Sixth Plan, 1956–1960 Seventh Plan, 1959–1965 Eighth Plan, 1966–1970 Ninth Plan, 1971–1975 Tenth Plan, 1976–1981 Eleventh Plan, 1981–1985 Twelfth Plan 1986–1990 Thirteenth Plan 1991 The Five-Year Plans for the National Economy of the Soviet Union were a series of nation-wide centralized exercises in rapid economic development in the Soviet Union. The plans were developed by a state planning committee based on the Theory of Productive Forces that was part of the general guidelines of the Communist Party for economic development. Fulfilling the plan became the watchword of Soviet bureaucracy. In addition, several capitalist states have emulated the concept of central planning, though in the context of a market economy, by setting integrated economic goals for a finite period of time. Several five-year plans did not take up the full period of time assigned to them: some were successfully completed earlier than expected, while others failed and were abandoned. The initial five-year plans were created to serve in the rapid industrialization of the Soviet Union, and thus placed a major focus on heavy industry. The last Five-Year Plan was for the period from 1991 to 1995 and was not completed, as the Soviet Union was dissolved in 1991. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five-Year_Plans_for_the_National_Economy_of_the_Soviet_Union
